{"id":3483,"date":"2025-01-14T04:29:51","date_gmt":"2025-01-14T04:29:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/?page_id=3483"},"modified":"2025-01-22T17:35:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T17:35:00","slug":"dead-end-modernizma-na-menhetnu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/dead-end-modernizma-na-menhetnu\/","title":{"rendered":"The Dead End of Modernism on Manhattan"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3483\" class=\"elementor elementor-3483\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;ha_cmc_init_switcher&quot;:&quot;no&quot;}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-967ecf8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"967ecf8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5169e9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a5169e9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b5c397 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b5c397\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">04 \/ journal<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78f2688 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"78f2688\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca3afe5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca3afe5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80283c6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"80283c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" id=\"tb-office\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36e0caf tabbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"36e0caf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"tabbbb\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/01-arch\/\">01<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f5f57d elementor-widget-mobile__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f5f57d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/01-arch\/\">\/ arch<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5cb0ec6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5cb0ec6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06ba0e0 tabbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06ba0e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"tabbbb\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/02-struct\/\">02<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6adae66 elementor-widget-mobile__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6adae66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/02-struct\/\">\/ struct.<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb9c0fa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bb9c0fa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8077a8a tabbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8077a8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"tabbbb\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/03-tbd\/\">03<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d15541d elementor-widget-mobile__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d15541d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/03-tbd\/\">\/ tbd?<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6427dfa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6427dfa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e822de\" data-id=\"4e822de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a1446c animated-arrow elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4a1446c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"100\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ezgif-3-fa107f323a.gif\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-624\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dd349d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3dd349d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c7c58f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c7c58f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>The Dead End of Modernism on Manhattan<\/h1><h1 class=\"western\"><b style=\"font-size: 16px; font-style: inherit;\">PAN AM BUILDING<\/b><\/h1><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted as the largest unified business skyscraper in the world, the former PAN AM and current MET LIFE Building was built back in 1963 at the intersection of 45th Street and Park Avenue above the Grand Central Station. In Manhattan, where else? The building, in the shape of an elongated octagon, crosses the famous Park Avenue and sits on tracks leading to the majestic Grand Central Terminal (one of Manhattan\u2019s early 20th-century icons). It was designed by Gropius with collaborators Richard Roth and Pietro Belluschi.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The famous Walter Gropius, the creator of the Bauhaus school, after fleeing Nazi Germany and a brief stay in London, planted the initial seeds of Modernism in American architecture at Harvard in 1937, and doing so, he became, alongside Mies van der Rohe, one of its biggest names on the other side of the Atlantic. Americans tend to emphasize Right\u2019s achievements due to Mies\u2019s and Gropius\u2019s background, but in terms of influence on defining a phenomenon in architecture that still leaves a significant mark today, that\u2019s hardly a matter for consideration. In Europe, Corbusier would definitely be an indispensable member of the trio.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gropius with his associates, in his later years, designed the building on commission from a large corporation. Apart from its unusual plan and being one of the first prefabricated concrete facades in New York, everything else about the building represents yet another utilitarian machine\u2014not for living, but for increasing the value of private capital, with more or less valuable art displayed in the \u201cgenerous\u201d lobby.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Something else is interesting here. In a city where even on the first visit, it's hard for a building to squeeze or surprise you more, you encounter an irrational screen-wall object (and here, I don\u2019t mean the term \u201ccurtain wall\u201d) that turn off the light of the most beautiful and wealthiest avenue in urban terms on Manhattan, and becomes a bizarre backdrop of the famous Grand Central Station, weirdly cutting off the sense of connection and views of the famous \u201cgrid\u201d of streets and avenues of downtown and midtown.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p class=\" translation-block\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Such paradigm of the situation in which Modern architecture found itself in the 1960s. Slowly burning through its own fuel, which had been heavily reliant on the tank of leftist governments and welfare states after World War II, it began to turn more and more toward the new global \u201cliberal\u201d master of capital. Here it is additionally accentuated by one of the classic examples of art deco offshoots, we will quote Koolhaas, \u201cDellirious New York\u201d <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\">(1)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> from way back in 1929 (just before the Great Depression), the Helmsley building, which is located in front of Gropius\u2019 building looking towards downtown. From this new, greedier position of capital represented at the time by PAN AM, the Helmsley seems like an older poser trying, in a sophisticated (but still historically American in Anderson\u2019s THERE WILL BE BLOOD style <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\">(2)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">) way, to occupy the already interrupted thread of Park Avenue.<\/span><\/p><p class=\" translation-block\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Regarding the position of Gropius\u2019s building, it might be more appropriate to say that it stomped on and erased space, disregarding any existing intersections. Except in an infrastructural sense. When critiques arose immediately after the building was constructed, Professor Gropius awkwardly responded that the famous 1916 regulation about zoning in Manhattan <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\">(3) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">justified the building\u2019s size and that \u201cevery citizen has the right to use the law to the fullest\u201d <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\">(4)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7ff6ab e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a7ff6ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a841b0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8a841b0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-349133c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"349133c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-576x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3486\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-768x1365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-864x1536.jpg 864w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-1152x2048.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-7x12.jpg 7w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU-1-scaled.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">\u201cView\u201d toward downtown - Helmsley Building in front of the PAN AM building.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-677f1ea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"677f1ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c47bbca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c47bbca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-576x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3485\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-768x1365.jpg 768w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-864x1536.jpg 864w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-1152x2048.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-7x12.jpg 7w, https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/DEAD-END-PIONIRA-MODERNIZMA-NA-MENHETNU2-scaled.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">\u201cView\u201d toward midtown - Grand Central Station in front of the PAN AM building.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a8b8ed e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6a8b8ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a9084f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a9084f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>POMO<\/b><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The resolution to the unbearable situation rolls around the corner, as always, just waiting for some form that can tie the energy of dissatisfaction. And then, there is no too much of analyzing, the only thing important is that the ideas are new. As they say, enough of yours.<\/span><\/p><p class=\" translation-block\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is when Postmodernism enters the stage. When energy began to be tied to Venturi\u2019s Complexities and Contradictions in Architecture <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\">(5)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the Language of Postmodernism by Charles Jencks<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\"> (6)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and others, it just needed to be systematically adapted.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, the first shifts came from the other side of the Atlantic, with the ever-loyal ally from the island. This is also due to the fact that the foundations of modernism were laid at the beginning of the century in continental Europe, with Germany and France being the first to carry progressive thoughts, and the global order in the cultural sense had already changed well by the 60s, which should not be ignored. Thus, in this regard, the U.S. was seeking a new leadership position.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is very easy to follow the trail of the opening of architectural schools at prestigious American universities founded by European emigrants, which rightly align with the spirit of American entrepreneurial philosophy. Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer at Harvard, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in Chicago, Eliel Saarinen at Michigan, Paul Rudolph at Yale, Louis Kahn at Penn State\u2026 formed entire generations of students in line with the new tendencies. So when the situation demanded new answers, it was logical that these same students would try to rise to the occasion. And they did, with Postmodernism.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A new generation came to power in a time of increasingly liberal economies, globally more aggressive marketing, and again the globally incredible growth of Western pop culture\u2019s influence on everyday life.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Roberto Venturi, as Khan\u2019s student and successor first at Penn State, then at Yale, Charles Moore at Princeton, Berkeley, and later on at Yale, Sam Jacob with his English friends from FAT studio in Chicago, Michael Graves at Princeton, Robert Stern at Columbia and then Yale, and of course very quickly their colleagues from Europe: James Stirling at Cambridge and as a guest at Yale, Aldo Rossi in Milan, Zurich, and American Cornell, Mario Botta in Lausanne and a guest at Yale\u2026 attempted to give new answers through practice and theory, for themselves, the students and for the world.<\/span><\/p><p class=\" translation-block\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of course, when dealing with such topics, generalization is the most dangerous, and even Roberto Venturi, who was later declared the father of the new big movement, stated in 2002, we\u2019ll quote him, \u201cI\u2019m not now, and never have been, a postmodernist, and I unequivocally disavow fatherhood of this architectural movement\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\"> (7)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. However, above the theoretical and practical legacies of this postmodernist generation stands a huge question mark. How and if did they, in fact, respond to the questions that were raised in relation to the shortcomings of early modernism, the Athens Charter <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\">(8)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the project of the city of Brasilia <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;color: #ff0000\">(9) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2026 and the alienation, deviance, and functional deficiencies brought with them by large complexes of industrialization and urbanization, with a socially emphasized component after all the horrors of World War II?<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Or were they largely misused, as is often the case, for populist purposes by hard-to-see structures of power hiding behind civil democracy? Because clearly, they owed their success and visibility (which, in civilizational terms, became far more important element than quality) to popular culture, which the hidden hand of the market and capital eventually began to dominate. So its not strange that  the term \u201cPOP Architecture\u201d was coined in the golden age of popular POMO.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><b>POST SCRIPTUM<\/b><\/p><p class=\" translation-block\">It\u2019s interesting why there haven\u2019t been more further attempts to shape global issues in architecture in light of current socio-political and now alarmingly clear ecological-apocalyptic events. And where, at least theoretically, do today\u2019s major architectural promoters stand\u2014Zaha Hadid Studio, BIG, the indestructible SOM, MAD Architects, alongside veterans like Foster, Piana, Nouvel, Gehry, Koolhaas \u2026? Perhaps the answer partially lies in the very names of these new authors, which increasingly resemble another form of corporate cooperation in creative industries. After all, even in socio-political terms, we\u2019re not doing very well with new ideas.<\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MK 6.24.<\/span><\/p><ol><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Rem Koolhaas-Delirious New York:A retroactive manifesto for Manhattan;1978 Oxford University press,The Monacelli Pres<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Paul Thomas Anderson-There will be blood, feature film; 2007 Miramax films<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> George McAneny, Edward M. Basset &#8211; Zoning resolution; 1916 New York City<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Volter Gropius- Gropius and Garroway, article;1960 Architectural forum vol.104 ,Time and life building-Time inc NY<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Roberto Venturi-Complexity and contradiction in architecture; 1966 Museum of modern art<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Charles Jencks &#8211; The language of post-modern architecture ;1977 Rizzoli<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Roberto Venturi &#8211; A bas postmodernism of course, article ; 2001 Journal Architecture\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Le Corbisie and CIAM (Congres internationaux d\u2019architecture moderne) &#8211; Athens charter; 1933 CIAM<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lucio Costa, Oscar Niemeyer, Joaquim Cardozo \u2013 Design for new federal capital of Brasil ; 1956 Brasilian government\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ol><p class=\"western\">\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>04 \/ journal 01 \/ arch 02 \/ struct. 03 \/ tbd? DEAD END PIONIRA MODERNIZMA NA MENHETNU PAN AM BUILDING Reklamiran kao najve\u0107i objedinjeni poslovni skyscraper na svetu, tada PAN AM a danas MET LIFE Building, izgra\u0111en je sada ve\u0107 davne 1963. godine na ukr\u0161tanju 45.ulice i Park avenije iznad Grand central stanice. Na &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/dead-end-modernizma-na-menhetnu\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">The Dead End of Modernism on Manhattan<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3483","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"rankMath":{"parentDomain":"k2ns.rs","noFollowDomains":[],"noFollowExcludeDomains":[],"noFollowExternalLinks":false,"featuredImageNotice":"The featured image should be at least 200 by 200 pixels to be picked up by Facebook and other social media sites.","pluginReviewed":false,"postSettings":{"linkSuggestions":true,"useFocusKeyword":false},"frontEndScore":false,"postName":"dead-end-modernizma-na-menhetnu","permalinkFormat":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/%pagename%\/","showLockModifiedDate":true,"assessor":{"focusKeywordLink":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-admin\/edit.php?focus_keyword=%focus_keyword%&post_type=%post_type%","hasTOCPlugin":true,"primaryTaxonomy":false,"serpData":{"title":"","description":"","focusKeywords":"","pillarContent":false,"canonicalUrl":"","breadcrumbTitle":"","advancedRobots":{"max-snippet":"-1","max-video-preview":"-1","max-image-preview":"large"},"facebookTitle":"","facebookDescription":"","facebookImage":"","facebookImageID":"","facebookHasOverlay":false,"facebookImageOverlay":"","facebookAuthor":"","twitterCardType":"","twitterUseFacebook":true,"twitterTitle":"","twitterDescription":"","twitterImage":"","twitterImageID":"","twitterHasOverlay":false,"twitterImageOverlay":"","twitterPlayerUrl":"","twitterPlayerSize":"","twitterPlayerStream":"","twitterPlayerStreamCtype":"","twitterAppDescription":"","twitterAppIphoneName":"","twitterAppIphoneID":"","twitterAppIphoneUrl":"","twitterAppIpadName":"","twitterAppIpadID":"","twitterAppIpadUrl":"","twitterAppGoogleplayName":"","twitterAppGoogleplayID":"","twitterAppGoogleplayUrl":"","twitterAppCountry":"","robots":{"index":true},"twitterAuthor":"username","primaryTerm":0,"authorName":"admin","titleTemplate":"%title% %sep% %parent_title% %sep% %sitename%","descriptionTemplate":"%excerpt%","showScoreFrontend":true,"lockModifiedDate":false},"powerWords":["a cut above","absolute","absolutely","absolutely lowest","absurd","abuse","accurate","accuse","achieve","actionable","adaptable","adequate","admit","adorable","advantage","advice","affordable","aggravate","aggressive","agitated","agonizing","agony","alarmed","alarming","alienated","aligned","alive","all-inclusive","alluring","always","amazing","amp","animated","annihilate","announcing","anonymous","antagonistic","anxious","apocalypse","appalled","approved","approving","argumentative","armageddon","arrogant","ass kicking","assault","assured","astonishing","astounded","astounding","at ease","atrocious","attack","attractive","audacity","authentic","authoritative","authority","avoid","aware","awe-inspiring","awesome","awkward","backbone","backdoor","backed","backlash","backstabbing","badass","balanced","banned","bargain","barrage","basic","battle","beaming","beat down","beating","beautiful","beauty","begging","behind the scenes","belief","belong","best","best-selling","better","beware","big","billion","black market","blacklisted","blast","blessed","blinded","blissful","blood","bloodbath","bloodcurdling","bloody","blunder","blushing","bold","bomb","bona","bona fide","bonanza","bonus","bootleg","bottom line","bountiful","brave","bravery","brazen","break","breaking","breakthrough","breathtaking","bright","brilliant","broke","brutal","budget","buffoon","bullshit","bully","bumbling","buy","cadaver","calm","cancel anytime","capable","captivate","captivating","carefree","case study","cash","cataclysmic","catapult","catastrophe","caution","censored","centered","certain","certainly","certified","challenge","charming","cheap","cheat","cheat-sheet","cheer","cheerful","child-like","clarity","classified","clear","clueless","collapse","colorful","colossal","comfortable","compare","competitive","complete","completely","completeness","comprehensive","compromise","compulsive","concealed","conclusive","condemning","condescending","confess","confession","confessions","confident","confidential","conquer","conscientious","constructive","content","contrary","controlling","controversial","convenient","convert","cool","cooperative","copy","corpse","corrupt","corrupting","courage","courageous","cover-up","covert","coward","cowardly","crammed","crave","crazy","create","creative","cringeworthy","cripple","crisis","critical","crooked","crush","crushing","damaging","danger","dangerous","daring","dazzling","dead","deadline","deadly","death","decadent","deceived","deceptive","deep","defiance","definitely","definitive","defying","dejected","delicious","delight","delighted","delightful","delirious","delivered","demoralizing","deplorable","depraved","desire","desperate","despicable","destiny","destroy","detailed","devastating","devoted","diagnosed","direct","dirty","disadvantages","disastrous","discount","discover","disdainful","disempowered","disgusted","disgusting","dishonest","disillusioned","disoriented","distracted","distraught","distressed","distrustful","divulge","document","dollar","dominate","doomed","double","doubtful","download","dreadful","dreamy","drive","drowning","dumb","dynamic","eager","earnest","easily","easy","economical","ecstatic","edge","effective","efficient","effortless","elated","eliminate","elite","embarrass","embarrassed","embarrassing","emergency","emerging","emphasize","empowered","enchant","encouraged","endorsed","energetic","energy","enormous","enraged","enthusiastic","envy","epic","epidemic","essential","ethical","euphoric","evil","exactly","exasperated","excellent","excited","excitement","exciting","exclusive","exclusivity","excruciating","exhilarated","expensive","expert","explode","exploit","explosive","exposed","exquisite","extra","extraordinary","extremely","exuberant","eye-opening","fail","fail-proof","failure","faith","famous","fantasy","fascinating","fatigued","faux","faux pas","fearless","feast","feeble","festive","fide","fierce","fight","final","fine","fired","first","first ever","flirt","fluid","focus","focused","fool","fooled","foolish","forbidden","force-fed","forever","forgiving","forgotten","formula","fortune","foul","frantic","free","freebie","freedom","frenzied","frenzy","frightening","frisky","frugal","frustrated","fulfill","fulfilled","full","fully","fun","fun-loving","fundamentals","funniest","funny","furious","gambling","gargantuan","genius","genuine","gift","gigantic","giveaway","glamorous","gleeful","glorious","glowing","goddamn","gorgeous","graceful","grateful","gratified","gravity","great","greatest","greatness","greed","greedy","gripping","grit","grounded","growth","guaranteed","guilt","guilt-free","gullible","guts","hack","happiness","happy","harmful","harsh","hate","have you heard","havoc","hazardous","healthy","heart","heartbreaking","heartwarming","heavenly","hell","helpful","helplessness","hero","hesitant","hidden","high tech","highest","highly effective","hilarious","hoak","hoax","honest","honored","hope","hopeful","horribly","horrific","horrifying","horror","hostile","how to","huge","humility","humor","hurricane","hurry","hypnotic","idiot","ignite","illegal","illusive","imagination","immediately","imminently","impatience","impatient","impenetrable","important","impressive","improved","in the zone","incapable","incapacitated","incompetent","inconsiderate","increase","incredible","indecisive","indulgence","indulgent","inexpensive","inferior","informative","infuriated","ingredients","innocent","innovative","insane","insecure","insider","insidious","inspired","inspiring","instant savings","instantly","instructive","insult","intel","intelligent","intense","interesting","intriguing","introducing","invasion","investment","iron-clad","ironclad","irresistible","irs","is here","jackpot","jail","jaw-dropping","jealous","jeopardy","jittery","jovial","joyous","jubilant","judgmental","jumpstart","just arrived","keen","kickass","kickstart","kill","killed","killing","kills","know it all","lame","largest","lascivious","last","last chance","last minute","latest","laugh","laughing","launch","launching","lavishly","lawsuit","lazy","left behind","legendary","legitimate","liberal","liberated","lick","lies","life-changing","lifetime","light","lighthearted","likely","limited","literally","little-known","loathsome","lonely","looming","loser","lost","love","lucrative","lunatic","lurking","lust","luxurious","luxury","lying","magic","magical","magnificent","mainstream","malicious","mammoth","manipulative","marked down","massive","master","masterclass","maul","mediocre","meditative","meltdown","memorability","memorable","menacing","mesmerizing","meticulous","mind-blowing","minimalist","miracle","mired","mischievous","misgiving","missing out","mistake","monetize","money","moneyback","moneygrubbing","monumental","most important","motivated","mouth-watering","murder","mystery","nail","naked","natural","naughty","nazi","nest egg","never","new","nightmare","no good","no obligation","no one talks about","no questions asked","no risk","no strings attached","non-controlling","noted","novelty","now","obnoxious","obsessed","obsession","obvious","odd","off-kilter","off-limits","off-the record","offensive","official","okay","on-demand","open-minded","opportunities","optimistic","ordeal","outlawed","outrageousness","outstanding","overcome","overjoyed","overnight","overwhelmed","packed","painful","painless","painstaking","pale","panic","panicked","paralyzed","pas","passionate","pathetic","pay zero","payback","perfect","peril","perplexed","perspective","pessimistic","pioneering","piranha","pitfall","pitiful","placid","plague","played","playful","pleased","pluck","plummet","plunge","poison","poisonous","polarizing","poor","popular","portfolio","pound","powerful","powerless","practical","preposterous","prestige","price","priceless","pride","prison","privacy","private","privileged","prize","problem","productive","professional","profit","profitable","profound","promiscuous","promising","promote","protect","protected","proven","provocative","provoke","psychological","pummel","punch","punish","pus","quadruple","quality","quarrelsome","quick","quick-start","quickly","quiet","radiant","rare","ravenous","rebellious","recession-proof","reckoning","recognized","recommend","recreate","reduced","reflective","refugee","refund","refundable","reject","relaxed","release","relentless","reliable","remarkable","replicate","report","reprimanding","repulsed","repulsive","research","resentful","resourceful","responsible","responsive","rested","restricted","results","retaliating","reveal","revealing","revenge","revengeful","revisited","revolting","revolutionary","reward","rich","ridiculous","risky","riveting","rookie","rowdy","ruin","rules","ruthless","sabotaging","sacred","sadistic","sadly","sadness","safe","safety","sale","sampler","sarcastic","satisfied","savage","savagery","save","savings","savvy","scam","scandal","scandalous","scarce","scared","scary","scornful","scream","searing","secret","secret agenda","secret plot","secrets","secure","security","seductive","seething","seize","selected","self-hating","self-sufficient","sensational","senseless","sensual","serene","seriously","severe","sex","sexy","shaking","shameful","shameless","shaming","shatter","shellacking","shocking","should","shrewd","sick and tired","signs","silly","simple","simplicity","simplified","simplistic","sincere","sinful","sins","six-figure","sizable","sizzle","sizzled","sizzles","sizzling","sizzlingly","skill","skyrocket","slaughter","slave","sleazy","sleeping","sly","smash","smiling","smug","smuggle","smuggled","sneak-peek","sneaky","sniveling","snob","snooty","snotty","soar","soaring","solid","solution","spank","special","spectacular","speedy","spell-binding","spine","spirit","spirited","spiteful","spoiler","spontaneous","spotlight","spunky","squirming","stable","staggering","startling","steady","steal","stealthy","steamy","step-by-step","still","stoic","stop","strange","strangle","strategy","stressed","strong","strongly suggest","struggle","stuck up","studies","stunning","stupid","stupid-simple","sturdy","sublime","succeed","success","successful","suck","suddenly","suffer","sunny","super","super-human","superb","supercharge","superior","supported","supportive","sure","sure fire","surefire","surge","surging","surprise","surprised","surprising","survival","survive","suspicious","sweaty","swoon","swoon-worthy","tailspin","tank","tantalizing","targeted","tawdry","tease","technology","teetering","tempting","tenacious","tense","terrible","terrific","terrified","terrifying","terror","terrorist","tested","thankful","the truth","threaten","threatened","thrilled","thrilling","thug","ticked off","tickled","timely","today","torture","toxic","track record","trade secret","tragedy","tragic","transform","transparency","trap","trapped","trauma","traumatized","treacherous","treasure","tremendous","trend","tricks","triggers","triple","triumph","truly","trusting","trustworthy","truth","truthful","turbo-charge","turbocharges","tweaks","twitching","ultimate","unadulterated","unassuming","unauthorized","unbelievable","unburdened","uncaring","uncensored","uncertain","uncomfortable","unconditional","uncontrollable","unconventional","uncovered","undeniable","under priced","undercover","underground","underhanded","underused","unexpected","unforgettable","unheard of","unhurried","uninterested","unique","unjustified","unknowingly","unleashed","unlimited","unlock","unparalleled","unpopular","unreliable","unresponsive","unseen","unstable","unstoppable","unsure","unsurpassed","untapped","unusual","up-sell","upbeat","uplifted","uplifting","urge","urgent","useful","useless","validate","valor","valuable","value","vanquish","vaporize","venomous","verify","vibrant","vicious","victim","victory","vigorous","vilified","vindictive","violated","violent","volatile","vulnerable","waiting","wanted","wanton","warning","waste","weak","wealth","weird","what no one tells you","whip","whopping","wicked","wild","willpower","withheld","wonderful","wondrous","woozy","world","worry","worst","worthwhile","wounded","wreaking","youthful","zen","zinger"],"diacritics":{"A":"[\\u0041\\u24B6\\uFF21\\u00C0\\u00C1\\u00C2\\u1EA6\\u1EA4\\u1EAA\\u1EA8\\u00C3\\u0100\\u0102\\u1EB0\\u1EAE\\u1EB4\\u1EB2\\u0226\\u01E0\\u00C4\\u01DE\\u1EA2\\u00C5\\u01FA\\u01CD\\u0200\\u0202\\u1EA0\\u1EAC\\u1EB6\\u1E00\\u0104\\u023A\\u2C6F]","AA":"[\\uA732]","AE":"[\\u00C6\\u01FC\\u01E2]","AO":"[\\uA734]","AU":"[\\uA736]","AV":"[\\uA738\\uA73A]","AY":"[\\uA73C]","B":"[\\u0042\\u24B7\\uFF22\\u1E02\\u1E04\\u1E06\\u0243\\u0182\\u0181]","C":"[\\u0043\\u24B8\\uFF23\\u0106\\u0108\\u010A\\u010C\\u00C7\\u1E08\\u0187\\u023B\\uA73E]","D":"[\\u0044\\u24B9\\uFF24\\u1E0A\\u010E\\u1E0C\\u1E10\\u1E12\\u1E0E\\u0110\\u018B\\u018A\\u0189\\uA779]","DZ":"[\\u01F1\\u01C4]","Dz":"[\\u01F2\\u01C5]","E":"[\\u0045\\u24BA\\uFF25\\u00C8\\u00C9\\u00CA\\u1EC0\\u1EBE\\u1EC4\\u1EC2\\u1EBC\\u0112\\u1E14\\u1E16\\u0114\\u0116\\u00CB\\u1EBA\\u011A\\u0204\\u0206\\u1EB8\\u1EC6\\u0228\\u1E1C\\u0118\\u1E18\\u1E1A\\u0190\\u018E]","F":"[\\u0046\\u24BB\\uFF26\\u1E1E\\u0191\\uA77B]","G":"[\\u0047\\u24BC\\uFF27\\u01F4\\u011C\\u1E20\\u011E\\u0120\\u01E6\\u0122\\u01E4\\u0193\\uA7A0\\uA77D\\uA77E]","H":"[\\u0048\\u24BD\\uFF28\\u0124\\u1E22\\u1E26\\u021E\\u1E24\\u1E28\\u1E2A\\u0126\\u2C67\\u2C75\\uA78D]","I":"[\\u0049\\u24BE\\uFF29\\u00CC\\u00CD\\u00CE\\u0128\\u012A\\u012C\\u0130\\u00CF\\u1E2E\\u1EC8\\u01CF\\u0208\\u020A\\u1ECA\\u012E\\u1E2C\\u0197]","J":"[\\u004A\\u24BF\\uFF2A\\u0134\\u0248]","K":"[\\u004B\\u24C0\\uFF2B\\u1E30\\u01E8\\u1E32\\u0136\\u1E34\\u0198\\u2C69\\uA740\\uA742\\uA744\\uA7A2]","L":"[\\u004C\\u24C1\\uFF2C\\u013F\\u0139\\u013D\\u1E36\\u1E38\\u013B\\u1E3C\\u1E3A\\u0141\\u023D\\u2C62\\u2C60\\uA748\\uA746\\uA780]","LJ":"[\\u01C7]","Lj":"[\\u01C8]","M":"[\\u004D\\u24C2\\uFF2D\\u1E3E\\u1E40\\u1E42\\u2C6E\\u019C]","N":"[\\u004E\\u24C3\\uFF2E\\u01F8\\u0143\\u00D1\\u1E44\\u0147\\u1E46\\u0145\\u1E4A\\u1E48\\u0220\\u019D\\uA790\\uA7A4]","NJ":"[\\u01CA]","Nj":"[\\u01CB]","O":"[\\u004F\\u24C4\\uFF2F\\u00D2\\u00D3\\u00D4\\u1ED2\\u1ED0\\u1ED6\\u1ED4\\u00D5\\u1E4C\\u022C\\u1E4E\\u014C\\u1E50\\u1E52\\u014E\\u022E\\u0230\\u00D6\\u022A\\u1ECE\\u0150\\u01D1\\u020C\\u020E\\u01A0\\u1EDC\\u1EDA\\u1EE0\\u1EDE\\u1EE2\\u1ECC\\u1ED8\\u01EA\\u01EC\\u00D8\\u01FE\\u0186\\u019F\\uA74A\\uA74C]","OI":"[\\u01A2]","OO":"[\\uA74E]","OU":"[\\u0222]","P":"[\\u0050\\u24C5\\uFF30\\u1E54\\u1E56\\u01A4\\u2C63\\uA750\\uA752\\uA754]","Q":"[\\u0051\\u24C6\\uFF31\\uA756\\uA758\\u024A]","R":"[\\u0052\\u24C7\\uFF32\\u0154\\u1E58\\u0158\\u0210\\u0212\\u1E5A\\u1E5C\\u0156\\u1E5E\\u024C\\u2C64\\uA75A\\uA7A6\\uA782]","S":"[\\u0053\\u24C8\\uFF33\\u1E9E\\u015A\\u1E64\\u015C\\u1E60\\u0160\\u1E66\\u1E62\\u1E68\\u0218\\u015E\\u2C7E\\uA7A8\\uA784]","T":"[\\u0054\\u24C9\\uFF34\\u1E6A\\u0164\\u1E6C\\u021A\\u0162\\u1E70\\u1E6E\\u0166\\u01AC\\u01AE\\u023E\\uA786]","TZ":"[\\uA728]","U":"[\\u0055\\u24CA\\uFF35\\u00D9\\u00DA\\u00DB\\u0168\\u1E78\\u016A\\u1E7A\\u016C\\u00DC\\u01DB\\u01D7\\u01D5\\u01D9\\u1EE6\\u016E\\u0170\\u01D3\\u0214\\u0216\\u01AF\\u1EEA\\u1EE8\\u1EEE\\u1EEC\\u1EF0\\u1EE4\\u1E72\\u0172\\u1E76\\u1E74\\u0244]","V":"[\\u0056\\u24CB\\uFF36\\u1E7C\\u1E7E\\u01B2\\uA75E\\u0245]","VY":"[\\uA760]","W":"[\\u0057\\u24CC\\uFF37\\u1E80\\u1E82\\u0174\\u1E86\\u1E84\\u1E88\\u2C72]","X":"[\\u0058\\u24CD\\uFF38\\u1E8A\\u1E8C]","Y":"[\\u0059\\u24CE\\uFF39\\u1EF2\\u00DD\\u0176\\u1EF8\\u0232\\u1E8E\\u0178\\u1EF6\\u1EF4\\u01B3\\u024E\\u1EFE]","Z":"[\\u005A\\u24CF\\uFF3A\\u0179\\u1E90\\u017B\\u017D\\u1E92\\u1E94\\u01B5\\u0224\\u2C7F\\u2C6B\\uA762]","a":"[\\u0061\\u24D0\\uFF41\\u1E9A\\u00E0\\u00E1\\u00E2\\u1EA7\\u1EA5\\u1EAB\\u1EA9\\u00E3\\u0101\\u0103\\u1EB1\\u1EAF\\u1EB5\\u1EB3\\u0227\\u01E1\\u00E4\\u01DF\\u1EA3\\u00E5\\u01FB\\u01CE\\u0201\\u0203\\u1EA1\\u1EAD\\u1EB7\\u1E01\\u0105\\u2C65\\u0250]","aa":"[\\uA733]","ae":"[\\u00E6\\u01FD\\u01E3]","ao":"[\\uA735]","au":"[\\uA737]","av":"[\\uA739\\uA73B]","ay":"[\\uA73D]","b":"[\\u0062\\u24D1\\uFF42\\u1E03\\u1E05\\u1E07\\u0180\\u0183\\u0253]","c":"[\\u0063\\u24D2\\uFF43\\u0107\\u0109\\u010B\\u010D\\u00E7\\u1E09\\u0188\\u023C\\uA73F\\u2184]","d":"[\\u0064\\u24D3\\uFF44\\u1E0B\\u010F\\u1E0D\\u1E11\\u1E13\\u1E0F\\u0111\\u018C\\u0256\\u0257\\uA77A]","dz":"[\\u01F3\\u01C6]","e":"[\\u0065\\u24D4\\uFF45\\u00E8\\u00E9\\u00EA\\u1EC1\\u1EBF\\u1EC5\\u1EC3\\u1EBD\\u0113\\u1E15\\u1E17\\u0115\\u0117\\u00EB\\u1EBB\\u011B\\u0205\\u0207\\u1EB9\\u1EC7\\u0229\\u1E1D\\u0119\\u1E19\\u1E1B\\u0247\\u025B\\u01DD]","f":"[\\u0066\\u24D5\\uFF46\\u1E1F\\u0192\\uA77C]","g":"[\\u0067\\u24D6\\uFF47\\u01F5\\u011D\\u1E21\\u011F\\u0121\\u01E7\\u0123\\u01E5\\u0260\\uA7A1\\u1D79\\uA77F]","h":"[\\u0068\\u24D7\\uFF48\\u0125\\u1E23\\u1E27\\u021F\\u1E25\\u1E29\\u1E2B\\u1E96\\u0127\\u2C68\\u2C76\\u0265]","hv":"[\\u0195]","i":"[\\u0069\\u24D8\\uFF49\\u00EC\\u00ED\\u00EE\\u0129\\u012B\\u012D\\u00EF\\u1E2F\\u1EC9\\u01D0\\u0209\\u020B\\u1ECB\\u012F\\u1E2D\\u0268\\u0131]","j":"[\\u006A\\u24D9\\uFF4A\\u0135\\u01F0\\u0249]","k":"[\\u006B\\u24DA\\uFF4B\\u1E31\\u01E9\\u1E33\\u0137\\u1E35\\u0199\\u2C6A\\uA741\\uA743\\uA745\\uA7A3]","l":"[\\u006C\\u24DB\\uFF4C\\u0140\\u013A\\u013E\\u1E37\\u1E39\\u013C\\u1E3D\\u1E3B\\u017F\\u0142\\u019A\\u026B\\u2C61\\uA749\\uA781\\uA747]","lj":"[\\u01C9]","m":"[\\u006D\\u24DC\\uFF4D\\u1E3F\\u1E41\\u1E43\\u0271\\u026F]","n":"[\\u006E\\u24DD\\uFF4E\\u01F9\\u0144\\u00F1\\u1E45\\u0148\\u1E47\\u0146\\u1E4B\\u1E49\\u019E\\u0272\\u0149\\uA791\\uA7A5]","nj":"[\\u01CC]","o":"[\\u006F\\u24DE\\uFF4F\\u00F2\\u00F3\\u00F4\\u1ED3\\u1ED1\\u1ED7\\u1ED5\\u00F5\\u1E4D\\u022D\\u1E4F\\u014D\\u1E51\\u1E53\\u014F\\u022F\\u0231\\u00F6\\u022B\\u1ECF\\u0151\\u01D2\\u020D\\u020F\\u01A1\\u1EDD\\u1EDB\\u1EE1\\u1EDF\\u1EE3\\u1ECD\\u1ED9\\u01EB\\u01ED\\u00F8\\u01FF\\u0254\\uA74B\\uA74D\\u0275]","oi":"[\\u01A3]","ou":"[\\u0223]","oo":"[\\uA74F]","p":"[\\u0070\\u24DF\\uFF50\\u1E55\\u1E57\\u01A5\\u1D7D\\uA751\\uA753\\uA755]","q":"[\\u0071\\u24E0\\uFF51\\u024B\\uA757\\uA759]","r":"[\\u0072\\u24E1\\uFF52\\u0155\\u1E59\\u0159\\u0211\\u0213\\u1E5B\\u1E5D\\u0157\\u1E5F\\u024D\\u027D\\uA75B\\uA7A7\\uA783]","s":"[\\u0073\\u24E2\\uFF53\\u015B\\u1E65\\u015D\\u1E61\\u0161\\u1E67\\u1E63\\u1E69\\u0219\\u015F\\u023F\\uA7A9\\uA785\\u1E9B]","ss":"[\\u00DF]","t":"[\\u0074\\u24E3\\uFF54\\u1E6B\\u1E97\\u0165\\u1E6D\\u021B\\u0163\\u1E71\\u1E6F\\u0167\\u01AD\\u0288\\u2C66\\uA787]","tz":"[\\uA729]","u":"[\\u0075\\u24E4\\uFF55\\u00F9\\u00FA\\u00FB\\u0169\\u1E79\\u016B\\u1E7B\\u016D\\u00FC\\u01DC\\u01D8\\u01D6\\u01DA\\u1EE7\\u016F\\u0171\\u01D4\\u0215\\u0217\\u01B0\\u1EEB\\u1EE9\\u1EEF\\u1EED\\u1EF1\\u1EE5\\u1E73\\u0173\\u1E77\\u1E75\\u0289]","v":"[\\u0076\\u24E5\\uFF56\\u1E7D\\u1E7F\\u028B\\uA75F\\u028C]","vy":"[\\uA761]","w":"[\\u0077\\u24E6\\uFF57\\u1E81\\u1E83\\u0175\\u1E87\\u1E85\\u1E98\\u1E89\\u2C73]","x":"[\\u0078\\u24E7\\uFF58\\u1E8B\\u1E8D]","y":"[\\u0079\\u24E8\\uFF59\\u1EF3\\u00FD\\u0177\\u1EF9\\u0233\\u1E8F\\u00FF\\u1EF7\\u1E99\\u1EF5\\u01B4\\u024F\\u1EFF]","z":"[\\u007A\\u24E9\\uFF5A\\u017A\\u1E91\\u017C\\u017E\\u1E93\\u1E95\\u01B6\\u0225\\u0240\\u2C6C\\uA763]"},"researchesTests":["contentHasTOC","contentHasShortParagraphs","contentHasAssets","keywordInTitle","keywordInMetaDescription","keywordInPermalink","keywordIn10Percent","keywordInContent","keywordInSubheadings","keywordInImageAlt","keywordDensity","keywordNotUsed","lengthContent","lengthPermalink","linksHasInternal","linksHasExternals","linksNotAllExternals","titleStartWithKeyword","titleSentiment","titleHasPowerWords","titleHasNumber","hasContentAI"],"hasRedirection":false,"hasBreadcrumb":true},"homeUrl":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en","objectID":3483,"objectType":"post","locale":"en","localeFull":"en_US","overlayImages":{"play":{"name":"Play icon","url":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/plugins\/seo-by-rank-math\/assets\/admin\/img\/icon-play.png","path":"\/home\/k2ns\/web\/k2ns.rs\/public_html\/wp-content\/plugins\/seo-by-rank-math\/assets\/admin\/img\/icon-play.png","position":"middle_center"},"gif":{"name":"GIF icon","url":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/plugins\/seo-by-rank-math\/assets\/admin\/img\/icon-gif.png","path":"\/home\/k2ns\/web\/k2ns.rs\/public_html\/wp-content\/plugins\/seo-by-rank-math\/assets\/admin\/img\/icon-gif.png","position":"middle_center"}},"defautOgImage":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/k2-social.jpg","customPermalinks":true,"isUserRegistered":false,"autoSuggestKeywords":false,"connectSiteUrl":"https:\/\/rankmath.com\/auth?site=https%3A%2F%2Fk2ns.rs%2Fen&r=https%3A%2F%2Fk2ns.rs%2Fen%2Fwp-json%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fpages%2F3483%3Fnonce%3Ddb6c222923","maxTags":5,"trendsIcon":"<svg viewBox=\"0 0 610 610\"><path d=\"M18.85,446,174.32,290.48l58.08,58.08L76.93,504a14.54,14.54,0,0,1-20.55,0L18.83,466.48a14.54,14.54,0,0,1,0-20.55Z\" style=\"fill:#4285f4\"\/><path d=\"M242.65,242.66,377.59,377.6l-47.75,47.75a14.54,14.54,0,0,1-20.55,0L174.37,290.43l47.75-47.75A14.52,14.52,0,0,1,242.65,242.66Z\" style=\"fill:#ea4335\"\/><polygon points=\"319.53 319.53 479.26 159.8 537.34 217.88 377.61 377.62 319.53 319.53\" style=\"fill:#fabb05\"\/><path d=\"M594.26,262.73V118.61h0a16.94,16.94,0,0,0-16.94-16.94H433.2a16.94,16.94,0,0,0-12,28.92L565.34,274.71h0a16.94,16.94,0,0,0,28.92-12Z\" style=\"fill:#34a853\"\/><rect width=\"610\" height=\"610\" style=\"fill:none\"\/><\/svg>","showScore":true,"siteFavIcon":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/cropped-image-4-32x32.png","canUser":{"general":false,"advanced":false,"snippet":false,"social":false,"analysis":false,"analytics":false,"content_ai":false},"isPro":false,"is_front_page":false,"trendsUpgradeLink":"https:\/\/rankmath.com\/pricing\/?utm_source=Plugin&utm_medium=CE%20General%20Tab%20Trends&utm_campaign=WP","trendsUpgradeLabel":"Upgrade","trendsPreviewImage":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/wp-content\/plugins\/seo-by-rank-math\/assets\/admin\/img\/trends-preview.jpg","currentEditor":false,"homepageData":{"assessor":{"powerWords":["a cut above","absolute","absolutely","absolutely lowest","absurd","abuse","accurate","accuse","achieve","actionable","adaptable","adequate","admit","adorable","advantage","advice","affordable","aggravate","aggressive","agitated","agonizing","agony","alarmed","alarming","alienated","aligned","alive","all-inclusive","alluring","always","amazing","amp","animated","annihilate","announcing","anonymous","antagonistic","anxious","apocalypse","appalled","approved","approving","argumentative","armageddon","arrogant","ass kicking","assault","assured","astonishing","astounded","astounding","at ease","atrocious","attack","attractive","audacity","authentic","authoritative","authority","avoid","aware","awe-inspiring","awesome","awkward","backbone","backdoor","backed","backlash","backstabbing","badass","balanced","banned","bargain","barrage","basic","battle","beaming","beat down","beating","beautiful","beauty","begging","behind the scenes","belief","belong","best","best-selling","better","beware","big","billion","black market","blacklisted","blast","blessed","blinded","blissful","blood","bloodbath","bloodcurdling","bloody","blunder","blushing","bold","bomb","bona","bona fide","bonanza","bonus","bootleg","bottom line","bountiful","brave","bravery","brazen","break","breaking","breakthrough","breathtaking","bright","brilliant","broke","brutal","budget","buffoon","bullshit","bully","bumbling","buy","cadaver","calm","cancel anytime","capable","captivate","captivating","carefree","case study","cash","cataclysmic","catapult","catastrophe","caution","censored","centered","certain","certainly","certified","challenge","charming","cheap","cheat","cheat-sheet","cheer","cheerful","child-like","clarity","classified","clear","clueless","collapse","colorful","colossal","comfortable","compare","competitive","complete","completely","completeness","comprehensive","compromise","compulsive","concealed","conclusive","condemning","condescending","confess","confession","confessions","confident","confidential","conquer","conscientious","constructive","content","contrary","controlling","controversial","convenient","convert","cool","cooperative","copy","corpse","corrupt","corrupting","courage","courageous","cover-up","covert","coward","cowardly","crammed","crave","crazy","create","creative","cringeworthy","cripple","crisis","critical","crooked","crush","crushing","damaging","danger","dangerous","daring","dazzling","dead","deadline","deadly","death","decadent","deceived","deceptive","deep","defiance","definitely","definitive","defying","dejected","delicious","delight","delighted","delightful","delirious","delivered","demoralizing","deplorable","depraved","desire","desperate","despicable","destiny","destroy","detailed","devastating","devoted","diagnosed","direct","dirty","disadvantages","disastrous","discount","discover","disdainful","disempowered","disgusted","disgusting","dishonest","disillusioned","disoriented","distracted","distraught","distressed","distrustful","divulge","document","dollar","dominate","doomed","double","doubtful","download","dreadful","dreamy","drive","drowning","dumb","dynamic","eager","earnest","easily","easy","economical","ecstatic","edge","effective","efficient","effortless","elated","eliminate","elite","embarrass","embarrassed","embarrassing","emergency","emerging","emphasize","empowered","enchant","encouraged","endorsed","energetic","energy","enormous","enraged","enthusiastic","envy","epic","epidemic","essential","ethical","euphoric","evil","exactly","exasperated","excellent","excited","excitement","exciting","exclusive","exclusivity","excruciating","exhilarated","expensive","expert","explode","exploit","explosive","exposed","exquisite","extra","extraordinary","extremely","exuberant","eye-opening","fail","fail-proof","failure","faith","famous","fantasy","fascinating","fatigued","faux","faux pas","fearless","feast","feeble","festive","fide","fierce","fight","final","fine","fired","first","first ever","flirt","fluid","focus","focused","fool","fooled","foolish","forbidden","force-fed","forever","forgiving","forgotten","formula","fortune","foul","frantic","free","freebie","freedom","frenzied","frenzy","frightening","frisky","frugal","frustrated","fulfill","fulfilled","full","fully","fun","fun-loving","fundamentals","funniest","funny","furious","gambling","gargantuan","genius","genuine","gift","gigantic","giveaway","glamorous","gleeful","glorious","glowing","goddamn","gorgeous","graceful","grateful","gratified","gravity","great","greatest","greatness","greed","greedy","gripping","grit","grounded","growth","guaranteed","guilt","guilt-free","gullible","guts","hack","happiness","happy","harmful","harsh","hate","have you heard","havoc","hazardous","healthy","heart","heartbreaking","heartwarming","heavenly","hell","helpful","helplessness","hero","hesitant","hidden","high tech","highest","highly effective","hilarious","hoak","hoax","honest","honored","hope","hopeful","horribly","horrific","horrifying","horror","hostile","how to","huge","humility","humor","hurricane","hurry","hypnotic","idiot","ignite","illegal","illusive","imagination","immediately","imminently","impatience","impatient","impenetrable","important","impressive","improved","in the zone","incapable","incapacitated","incompetent","inconsiderate","increase","incredible","indecisive","indulgence","indulgent","inexpensive","inferior","informative","infuriated","ingredients","innocent","innovative","insane","insecure","insider","insidious","inspired","inspiring","instant savings","instantly","instructive","insult","intel","intelligent","intense","interesting","intriguing","introducing","invasion","investment","iron-clad","ironclad","irresistible","irs","is here","jackpot","jail","jaw-dropping","jealous","jeopardy","jittery","jovial","joyous","jubilant","judgmental","jumpstart","just arrived","keen","kickass","kickstart","kill","killed","killing","kills","know it all","lame","largest","lascivious","last","last chance","last minute","latest","laugh","laughing","launch","launching","lavishly","lawsuit","lazy","left behind","legendary","legitimate","liberal","liberated","lick","lies","life-changing","lifetime","light","lighthearted","likely","limited","literally","little-known","loathsome","lonely","looming","loser","lost","love","lucrative","lunatic","lurking","lust","luxurious","luxury","lying","magic","magical","magnificent","mainstream","malicious","mammoth","manipulative","marked down","massive","master","masterclass","maul","mediocre","meditative","meltdown","memorability","memorable","menacing","mesmerizing","meticulous","mind-blowing","minimalist","miracle","mired","mischievous","misgiving","missing out","mistake","monetize","money","moneyback","moneygrubbing","monumental","most important","motivated","mouth-watering","murder","mystery","nail","naked","natural","naughty","nazi","nest egg","never","new","nightmare","no good","no obligation","no one talks about","no questions asked","no risk","no strings attached","non-controlling","noted","novelty","now","obnoxious","obsessed","obsession","obvious","odd","off-kilter","off-limits","off-the record","offensive","official","okay","on-demand","open-minded","opportunities","optimistic","ordeal","outlawed","outrageousness","outstanding","overcome","overjoyed","overnight","overwhelmed","packed","painful","painless","painstaking","pale","panic","panicked","paralyzed","pas","passionate","pathetic","pay zero","payback","perfect","peril","perplexed","perspective","pessimistic","pioneering","piranha","pitfall","pitiful","placid","plague","played","playful","pleased","pluck","plummet","plunge","poison","poisonous","polarizing","poor","popular","portfolio","pound","powerful","powerless","practical","preposterous","prestige","price","priceless","pride","prison","privacy","private","privileged","prize","problem","productive","professional","profit","profitable","profound","promiscuous","promising","promote","protect","protected","proven","provocative","provoke","psychological","pummel","punch","punish","pus","quadruple","quality","quarrelsome","quick","quick-start","quickly","quiet","radiant","rare","ravenous","rebellious","recession-proof","reckoning","recognized","recommend","recreate","reduced","reflective","refugee","refund","refundable","reject","relaxed","release","relentless","reliable","remarkable","replicate","report","reprimanding","repulsed","repulsive","research","resentful","resourceful","responsible","responsive","rested","restricted","results","retaliating","reveal","revealing","revenge","revengeful","revisited","revolting","revolutionary","reward","rich","ridiculous","risky","riveting","rookie","rowdy","ruin","rules","ruthless","sabotaging","sacred","sadistic","sadly","sadness","safe","safety","sale","sampler","sarcastic","satisfied","savage","savagery","save","savings","savvy","scam","scandal","scandalous","scarce","scared","scary","scornful","scream","searing","secret","secret agenda","secret plot","secrets","secure","security","seductive","seething","seize","selected","self-hating","self-sufficient","sensational","senseless","sensual","serene","seriously","severe","sex","sexy","shaking","shameful","shameless","shaming","shatter","shellacking","shocking","should","shrewd","sick and tired","signs","silly","simple","simplicity","simplified","simplistic","sincere","sinful","sins","six-figure","sizable","sizzle","sizzled","sizzles","sizzling","sizzlingly","skill","skyrocket","slaughter","slave","sleazy","sleeping","sly","smash","smiling","smug","smuggle","smuggled","sneak-peek","sneaky","sniveling","snob","snooty","snotty","soar","soaring","solid","solution","spank","special","spectacular","speedy","spell-binding","spine","spirit","spirited","spiteful","spoiler","spontaneous","spotlight","spunky","squirming","stable","staggering","startling","steady","steal","stealthy","steamy","step-by-step","still","stoic","stop","strange","strangle","strategy","stressed","strong","strongly suggest","struggle","stuck up","studies","stunning","stupid","stupid-simple","sturdy","sublime","succeed","success","successful","suck","suddenly","suffer","sunny","super","super-human","superb","supercharge","superior","supported","supportive","sure","sure fire","surefire","surge","surging","surprise","surprised","surprising","survival","survive","suspicious","sweaty","swoon","swoon-worthy","tailspin","tank","tantalizing","targeted","tawdry","tease","technology","teetering","tempting","tenacious","tense","terrible","terrific","terrified","terrifying","terror","terrorist","tested","thankful","the truth","threaten","threatened","thrilled","thrilling","thug","ticked off","tickled","timely","today","torture","toxic","track record","trade secret","tragedy","tragic","transform","transparency","trap","trapped","trauma","traumatized","treacherous","treasure","tremendous","trend","tricks","triggers","triple","triumph","truly","trusting","trustworthy","truth","truthful","turbo-charge","turbocharges","tweaks","twitching","ultimate","unadulterated","unassuming","unauthorized","unbelievable","unburdened","uncaring","uncensored","uncertain","uncomfortable","unconditional","uncontrollable","unconventional","uncovered","undeniable","under priced","undercover","underground","underhanded","underused","unexpected","unforgettable","unheard of","unhurried","uninterested","unique","unjustified","unknowingly","unleashed","unlimited","unlock","unparalleled","unpopular","unreliable","unresponsive","unseen","unstable","unstoppable","unsure","unsurpassed","untapped","unusual","up-sell","upbeat","uplifted","uplifting","urge","urgent","useful","useless","validate","valor","valuable","value","vanquish","vaporize","venomous","verify","vibrant","vicious","victim","victory","vigorous","vilified","vindictive","violated","violent","volatile","vulnerable","waiting","wanted","wanton","warning","waste","weak","wealth","weird","what no one tells you","whip","whopping","wicked","wild","willpower","withheld","wonderful","wondrous","woozy","world","worry","worst","worthwhile","wounded","wreaking","youthful","zen","zinger"],"diacritics":true,"researchesTests":["contentHasTOC","contentHasShortParagraphs","contentHasAssets","keywordInTitle","keywordInMetaDescription","keywordInPermalink","keywordIn10Percent","keywordInContent","keywordInSubheadings","keywordInImageAlt","keywordDensity","keywordNotUsed","lengthContent","lengthPermalink","linksHasInternal","linksHasExternals","linksNotAllExternals","titleStartWithKeyword","titleSentiment","titleHasPowerWords","titleHasNumber","hasContentAI"],"hasBreadcrumb":true,"serpData":{"title":"%sitename% %page% %sep% %sitedesc%","description":"","titleTemplate":"%sitename% %page% %sep% %sitedesc%","descriptionTemplate":"","focusKeywords":"","breadcrumbTitle":"Home","robots":{"index":true},"advancedRobots":{"max-snippet":"-1","max-video-preview":"-1","max-image-preview":"large"},"facebookTitle":"","facebookDescription":"","facebookImage":"","facebookImageID":""}}},"tocTitle":"Table of Contents","tocExcludeHeadings":[],"listStyle":"ul"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3483"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3746,"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3483\/revisions\/3746"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/k2ns.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}